Jobert was born in 1940 in Algeria. She studied drama and fine art in Paris, made her acting debut on the stage in 1963 and secured her first film role in Louis Malle's Le voleur (1967) in 1966. Her big break came with her casting as "Elisabeth" in Jean-Luc Godard's Masculin féminin (1966), in which she performed alongside Brigitte Bardot and Jean-Pierre Léaud, and other high profile roles in star-studded casts followed. She gave a particularly powerful performance in Maurice Pialat's 1971 production, Nous ne vieillirons pas ensemble (1972). Roles became rarer in the 1980s and Jobert increased her television and radio work by way of compensation.