Dilma Rousseff is the 36th President of Brazil, and the first woman to hold the office. Daughter of a Bulgarian immigrant father and a brazilian schoolteacher mother, Rousseff was raised in an upper middle class household in Belo Horizonte. She became a socialist during her youth, and following the 1964 coup d'état joined various left-wing and Marxist urban guerrilla groups that fought against the military dictatorship. Rousseff was captured and jailed between 1970 and 1972 and reportedly tortured.